1.03+Argentina


 * Argentina **



I) Early Argentina A) There was no organized nomadic population to conquer B) Argentina is known for its fertile land, and agriculture is a major industry C) Buenos Aires 1) This area was not important while Spain was still in power because all of Argentina’s exports were sent north through Peru 2) Buenos Aires gained more prominence as a new viceroy was appointed to the region in 1776, and many European imports were sent here D) Argentina gained independence led by General José de San Martín in the 1820s E) The interior of Argentina and the Buenos Aires grew farther apart in viewpoint and negotiation II) Political groups after independence A) Unitarians- wanted to nationalize the port of Buenos Aires and reduce provincial barriers in order to open up the entire country to international commerce B) Federalists from the interior- wanted to nationalize Buenos Aires, but retain its autonomy in order to protect local industries C) Federalists from Buenos Aires- opposed nationalization of Buenos Aires and wanted a monopoly over the city’s customs revenues III) Rulers A) Rosas- Buenos Aires federalist who terrorized those who opposed him <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Urquiza- interior federalist who created a US-like federalist government <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Argentina went through various liberal presidents <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">IV) Economics <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) The land was fertile, but there were few laborers, so many Europeans immigrated to Argentina in order to find work



<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Economy was dependent on European economy because Argentina relied solely on their exports <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) The interior of Argentina was poor because they did not profit from the import-export economy <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">V) Social culture <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) The laborers organized and protested while the government unsuccessfully attempted to stop them <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) The anarchists (Federation Obrera Regional Argentina) gained power, but they were never able to defeat the government and police <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">VI) Popular culture <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) There was ill-defined Argentine culture because most of the people living there were still loyal to their European homeland <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Tango <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Tango began in the dance halls and brothels of Buenos Aires <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) It was the combination of music from Africa, the pampas, and Europe <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) During 1913-14 Tango gained popularity in Europe and therefore gained popularity from the Argentine elite <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) The Golden Age for Tango (1913-1950) ended shortly, but Tango still survived afterwards <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">5) Tango is often seen as the 2nd most important American form of music after jazz <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">VII) Political reform <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Generation of 1880- liberal, aristocratic politicians had power <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) The Radical Party formed in order to overthrow the liberal government which did not provide political power to many who desired it <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Universal male suffrage was passed in 1912, and The Radicals gained power with Hipolito Yrigoyen <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) They supported labor organizations at first, but they soon attacked the workers because of widespread strikes <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) The socialist and communist organizations gained popularity <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) The conservatives had a strong distaste for the governments in Argentina, but because women and European citizens could not vote, they never gained a large amount of power <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">G) The Great Depression exposed the weaknesses of the political system, but unlike other Latin American countries, it was not enough to cause a coup

<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">I) <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Military Turns Back the Clock <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) 1852 liberals believed that an army was indispensable for Argentina’s development <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) 1910 change in promotion <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Mastery of new technology rather than political favoritism <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Presidency to an all military committee <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Factions: Then class struggle would disappear <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Led by General Augustine P. Justo; remove radicals from politics <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Led by General Jose F. Uriburu; establishment of a semi fascist corporate state <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) 1943 General Rawson dissolved congress <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) 1950s -90% of working class was literate and mostly Argentines <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) Juan Peron became president in 1946 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">G) Peron relied on the political instincts of his wife -Eva Duarte <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">II) <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Peronism and Peron <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Five-Year economic plan for industrialist, farmers and workers <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Peron focused on urban workers - provided them with more privileges <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Eva set up her own foundation in 1948 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) 1948 new hope for Argentina- Peron’s promise <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Peron was controlling the economic crisis in 1949 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) Constitution of 1853 --no reelections for presidency <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">G) He wanted Eva to be vice president <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Military refused <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Eva fell ill with cancer <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) She died in July 1952 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">H) Peron shifted his attention from the army to labor unions <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">III) <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Military Stewardship <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) New president-Eduardo Lonardi <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Wanted to avoid a policy that would keep Peronist united <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Military put General Aramburu as provisional president <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Aramburu wanted a post-Peronist era-required to become democrats <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Largest party was still the Radicals <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) They divided in two - <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) ”popular Radicals” (UCRP)-led by Balbin who ran for president in 1951 (fanatically anti Peron) <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) “Intransigent Radicals” (UCRI)-led by Frondizi economic professor (more flexible) <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Frondizi won the president election by promising to restore the Peronist’s party <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">IV) <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Failure of Developmental Reformism <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Fronizi wanted to increase industrialism and agricultural production <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Fronizi’s contradiction <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Launch a major economic development program <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Cutting back -to satisfy foreign creditors <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) “Shock treatment”- adjusting domestic prices to international prices <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Buying power of industrial workers dropped by 25.8% - 1959 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Income from beef production increased by 97% <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Farmers refused to make the long-term commitment to boost output <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Elections of March 1962 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Frondizi- 28% votes <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Balbin- 22% votes <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Peronist - 35% votes <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) President Jose Guido <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) 1 ½ as president <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Argentina was mainly run by military <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">G) Elections of July 1963 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msobidifontweight: bold; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Balbin wins <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Arturo Illia new president- physician -lead the 2nd Radical attempt at governing post Peronist Argentina <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">V) <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Bureaucratic- Authoritarian Solution <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) General Ongania “the Argentine resolution” <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Attack by the root problems instead of the symptoms <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Society must be transformed <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Economic program <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) 2-year wage freeze in 1967 <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Organized government <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Aramburu was kidnapped and killed <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Civil war had broken out <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Violence against oppressors <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) The military, the police and collaborators <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Alejandro Lanusse became the new president <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Goal was to achieve political accord <span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Allowed Peron to return 1973

<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">I) Peronists Back in Power <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Campora’s government creates a new economic plan <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Goals were to stabilize prices and boost workers’ earnings <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Ratified Social Contract <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Promised price, tax, and credit incentives to rural producers in return for a promise to double farm production by 1980 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Peronist failure expected <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Political violence continued <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Kidnapping and demonstrations <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Peron was old and in bad health <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Campora resigns and Peron becomes president <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Peron was able to run with his current wife, Isabel, running as VP <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Win 62% of vote <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Turned against revolutionary left <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) Outlawed People’s Revolutionary Arm <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">5) Turned against revolutionary left <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Outlawed People’s Revolutionary Arm (ERP) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Economy under Peron <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) 1973: economy booming <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) 1974: hard times <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Increase in oil prices <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) Union strikes forced Peron to violate Social Contract (inflation) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Peron’s death: July 1974 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Isabel (frightened/timid) became president <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Many tried to gain influence over her <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Politics failed and Peronist party split apart <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) Economy failed (inflation) and terrorism/fear escalated <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">5) Military let her term come to close to make it seem that the military was only other option for safety and finally arrested Isabel in March 1976. <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">II) The Military Returns <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) General Jorge Rafael Videla launches a vicious campaign against guerillas <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Arresting and “disappearing” subversives at will (20,000) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Against guerilla movement supporters <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Guerillas stole up to $150 million <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) Guerillas wanted to overthrow military government and install socialist regimes <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Military government wins <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Argentina’s big middle class supported anti-guerilla movement <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Goals of 1976 coup <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Reduce public sector <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Eradicate terrorism <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Rearrange relationship among business, labor, and the state <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) Promote values of morality, uprightness, and efficiency <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Putting goals into action <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Abolish General Confederation of Labor <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Took over shorts and charitable organizations <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Hosted World Cup in 1978 (Argentina won) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Economic worries: new stabilization policy (good for few years, then turned bad) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) President Galtieri got into conflict over Falkland Islands (British controlled but claimed by Argentina) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) When discussed, Britain stopped Argentine curiosity with warning <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) In 1982, Argentina invaded, provoking Britain to mobilize troops <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Quick surrender by Argentina demoralized citizens <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">III) Transition to Democracy <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Military government failed because of its defeat with islands <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) An election (return to civilian gov) was promised for 1984 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) New Radical Party under Alfonsin had many problems <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Decision to prosecute military personnel responsible for disappearance of thousands <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) Un-modernized economy: (400-700% inflation) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(c) Could Radicals maintain superiority? <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Peronists seized opportunity by winning next election (Menem) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Still had problems (needed diverse economy to survive) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) New strict economic policy <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Confiscated middle class savings <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) Provoked recession that ended hyperinflation <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(c) Privatized state-owned companies <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(d) Established one-to-one ration of peso to dollar (inflation down to 4%) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(e) Overvaluation of peso = trade deficit <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(f) Impoverishment of middle-class <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Amendments to 140-year-old constitution <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) Threats to Peronist rule were the Alliance coalition, UCR, and FREPASO <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">5) Alliance presidential candidate defeated Peronist part <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Alliance presidential candidate defeated Peronist part in 1999 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Economy starts slipping: Should Argentina rely on international debts? <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) They did not and severe economic depression ensued <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) 2003 election: Kirchner won <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Principal task: get back in on international trade community

** Part 2 ** <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">I) Economic Action 1880-1929 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Argentina’s economy survived by **supplying agricultural goods to North Atlantic industrial world** <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) <span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Needed capital: **Britain sent it over** <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) <span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Invested in railroads and ports <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) <span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Modern agricultural techniques came to Argentina <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(i) Irrigation farming became player in its economy <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Needed labor: **Immigrants poured in from Europe** <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Net immigration between 1857 and 1930 was 3.5 billion <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(i) 46% Italian <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(ii) 32% Spanish <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) ** Slight industrialization ** period helped economy but **did not compromise agricultural export system** <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) GDP grew from 1860s to 1914 at rate of at least 5% per year <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Blessed with natural resources <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) As European demand for goods declined, the Argentine economy spirals out of control <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Argentina was so **economically dependent on other nations** that the success of Argentina was completely out of their own hands <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Argentina was somewhat spared from the fast moving atrocity of the Great Depression because the **industries of their chief exports (meat and grain) were relatively stable** <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Value of peso fluctuated continuously <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Up during World War I <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) Down at start of 1920s <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(c) Varied as Great Depression devastated world <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) Argentina’s banking and currency system was **dependent** on international currency movements <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Argentina’s dependence on foreign investors made it hard for them to believe that they could survive on their own, especially industry (because **they imported manufactured goods**) <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) World War One: Argentina’s neutrality benefitted them economically
 * <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) ** Argentina boomed on **exporting meat and grain** and **importing manufactured goods**
 * <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) **** Sold surplus grain to Britain and France **

<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">II) Political Action 1880-1929 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) In 1880 Roca became president <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Beginning around 1880 European anarchists and socialists exiles began an attempt to organize Argentine labor <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) In 1895 the Socialist Party emerged <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Overall it failed because it did not attract the immigrant workers (a large percentage of the population) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Efforts continued to organize labor <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) In 1907 Congress created a Department of Labor that included leading labor confederations <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) Anarchist tried to put together a rally in 1910 but were crushed by police <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Hipolito Yrigoyen was elected president in 1916 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) Some citizens wished to join the Allies <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(b) Only wanted to **benefit economically from the war** <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(c) **Neutrality paid off in end** <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(i) **No war debts** <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(ii) Got rich by **selling surplus wheat** to Britain and France
 * <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) **** Buenos Aires was established as a federal district in 1880 **
 * <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) ****Refused to enter war**
 * <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) **Even though Argentina was not invited to attend the Paris Peace Conference because of their **neutrality, Argentina supported Wilson’s League of Nations**

<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">III) Social Action 1880-1929 <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Immigration’s effects on Argentina <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Argentina developed a **clearly European quality** <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Led Argentines to question their true national identity <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) ** Export-import growth ** caused extreme differences in demographics at home (some regions prosperous, some not) <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Because of Argentina’s export-import growth, it never developed peasantry <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) ** Anti-German feelings developed ** in Argentina during World War I when **German U-boats sank two Argentine ships**
 * <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) ** Argentines **supported Article X** because they thought that it would help give them **protection from the United States**

<span style="display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">Argentina Timeline <span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1880- The "Generation of 1880" gains power 1890- Economic crisis (Panic of 1980) and Radical Party attempt at an armed revolt 1892- Radical Civic Union is founded 1895- Conscription is established 1898- Roca, the "Generation of 1880" leader, is re-elected 1910- First century of independence is celebrated and Argentina becomes the richest nation in South America 1912- Universal male suffrage is passed along with the secret ballot and compulsory voting 1913- Golden Age of Tango begins 1916- Hipolito Yrigoyen of the Radical Party is elected president

1918- Labor crisis begins in which the Radical government successfully defeats labor strikes 1919- Argentine Patriotic League created by ultra-rightist paramilitary movement that exploited the middle- and upper-class fear of popular challenge

** U.S. Timeline ** ** 1889 - __[|__The Johnstown Flood__]__ ** or **__"The Great Flood of 1889"__** <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">2,209 people perished on May 31, 1889, in Johnstown, Pennsylvania when 6-10 inches of rain fell in 24 hours and the South Fork Dam burst open allowing a 40 foot wall of water break free and level the whole valley. It was the worst flood in America in the 19th century.



** 1898 - ____The Spanish American War____ ** <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">On April 25, 1898 the US declared war with Spain. The war followed a Cuban insurrection, on February 15, 1898. After an explosion in Havana Harbor ** Causes: ** Disputes between colonies because of economy <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Limitations in politics, commercial taxes between Spain and Cuba The need to make new routes and expand their territory ** Effects: ** Independence of Cuba <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">On December 10, 1898, Spain and America signed the Treaty of Paris, in Paris, France The United States gained virtually all of Spain's possessions including Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam.

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Establishment of equal trading rights to all nations in all parts of China and for recognition of Chinese territorial integrity
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1899- Open Door Policy **

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">US forces protected American interests following the war with Spain, defeating rebellious Filipinos seeking immediate national independence. The US govt. declared the “insurgency” officially over in 1902
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1899-1913 Philippine-American War **

** Early 1900s __The Big Stick Diplomacy__ or __Roosevelt Corollary__ ** The Roosevelt Corollary stated that the United States had the right to enforce an “international police power” over the Western Hemisphere. Latin America gained some respect from Europe



<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">On December 17, 1903, Orville Wright piloted the first powered airplane 20 feet above a wind-swept beach in North Carolina. The flight lasted 12 seconds and covered 120 feet. Three more flights were made that day with Orville's brother Wilbur piloting the record flight lasting 59 seconds over a distance of 852 feet.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1903 - WRIGHT BROTHERS FIRST FLIGHT **

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">The US wants to remain neutral and not get involved with the war from neither side.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1914 - WORLD WAR I BEGINS IN EUROPE **

Another reason for the US anger was that Germany sunk Lusitania a British ship that carried munitions for the Allies and it had 123 US nenbers aboard, Germany limited submarine capaign. When Germany renewed unrestricted submarine warfare, the U.S. entered World War I in April 1917
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1917 - "Zimmerman Telegram" **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">- a letter from Germany to Mexico asking for alliance against the US during the war; however, the letter somehow reached the US and they got really mad and that made the US want to enter the war against Germany.
 * - U.S. ENTERS WORLD WAR I **

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">US was expanded, the US and Japan were the most rewarded from the war.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1918 - WORLD WAR I ENDS **

The Treaty of Versailles was the peace settlement signed after [|World War One] had ended in 1918 The treaty was signed on June 28th 1919 by the “Big Three” The "Big Three" were [|David Lloyd George] of Britain, [|Clemenceau] of France and [|Woodrow] [|Wilson] of America. Germany disliked the way they were treated and that eventually led to the second world war.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1919 - TREATY OF VERSAILLES, 19TH AMENDMENT **
 * - HITLER SENTENCED TO JAIL, BEGINS //MEIN KAMPF.// **

The New York stock market was at its highest pint from 1920 to 1929. In 1920 people were borrowing money so that they could invest in the promising business of the Wall Street. However in 1929 the stock market prices were so high that it crashed and people were in debt.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">1929 - STOCK MARKET CRASHES, DEPRESSION BEGINS **



Fighting at Shonghai caused America Naval Forces and marines to be increased.
 * 1927 China February **.

**Part 3**

<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">I) The Great Depression <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) ** Military came to power ** within a year of the stock market crash <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Argentina chose to **grow even closer commercially** with industrialized nations to survive <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Preserved access to **Britain’s beef market** <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Developed important **industrial plants** that caused economic growth <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) An **entrepreneurial capitalist class** was created <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Comprised differing social types (presenting a challenge to the influence of traditional ruling elites) <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Economy was very **dependent** on the economies of other, more powerful nations <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) Economic decisions and trends were **ruled by the trends of the industrialized nations** that Argentina traded with (import manufactured goods, export meat and grain) <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">G) The **Great Depression did not hit Argentina as completely or as quickly** <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Their main exports were meat and grain (these industries were need based so they remained stable)

<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">II) Politics from 1920 to 1940 <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) ** Roca-Runciman Treaty- ** Vice president of Argentina signed a treaty with the president of the British Board of Trade to protect the meat market in Britain and ensure the continuation of Argentine trade <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) In 1930, a military coup (Argentine Patriotic League) forced Hipólito Yrigoyen from power <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) José Uriburu came to power (the old conservative oligarchy was back) <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">(a) People supported him because of the **horrible economy** at that time (**Great Depression**) <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) The 1930s or the “Infamous Decade” brought horrible things for Argentina <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Electoral fraud <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Persecution of political opposition <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Government corruption <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Conflict between fascists and radicals grew <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Military-oriented conservatives had power over the government <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Leading up to World War II, Argentina’s neutrality hid a growing fascist atmosphere that divided the nation and caused social problems in the late 1930s <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) [|Roberto Ortiz] - elected president in 1937 <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Fell ill and resigned <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Conservative Ramón S. Castillo succeeded him <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) Under the conservative rule that was extended over Argentina during the 1930s, the government tried to control the people and resist the economic and cultural change that was coming <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) This later on caused the coming to power of Peron

<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">III) Economy from 1920-1940 <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Argentina was one of the ten wealthiest nations during the 1920s due to foreign investment and increased practice of agriculture <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Value of Peso varied greatly over years between 1915 and 1939 <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) ** International trade ** collapsed <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Meat market was protected by the **Roca-Runciman Treaty** as mentioned above <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) Argentina began **import substitution industrialization-** they slowly began to manufacture goods that they once imported from stronger nations (They still were involved in beef industries overseas) <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Helped **economy become a little more independent** and self governing <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Helped economy get somewhat back on its feet by the end of the 1930s <span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Economy continued to grow throughout World War II (neutrality) <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) By 1935 there were 600,000 people working in **manufacturing**


 * Argentina Timeline**

1920s- Labor organizations decline and there were few strikes 1922- Marcelo T. de Alvear (of the Radical party) becomes president 1928- Hipólito Yrigoyen is reelected 1929- World economic crash 1930- A coalition of military officers and civilian aristocrats ousted President Yrigoyen and set up a provisional regime led by General José F. Uriburu who wanted a semifascist corporate state



1931- Value of beef exports drop and hurt Argentine economy



1932- General Agustín P. Justo (of the group that ousted Yrigoyen) gains power and attempts to return to democracy and civilian rule 1937- Roberto Ortiz (of the Radical party) gains power 1939- World War II begins and Argentina proclaims its neutrality 1940- Ortiz leaves office and Ramón Castillo stuffs the ballet boxes in order to win the presidency



U.S. Timeline **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">August 20, 1920 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-- women are given the right to vote, 19th amendment grants universal women’s suffrage, also known as the Susan B. Anthony amendment




 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">February 6, 1922 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">--The Armaments Congress ends. It lead to the Five Power Disarmament Treaty between the UK, France, Italy, Japan, and the US to limit naval construction, eliminated poison gas, restricted submarine attacks and respect China's sovereignty.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">March 2, 1923 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">--Time Magazine is published for the first time.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">April 1923 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-- first sound film “phonofilm” is showed in the New York City by Lee de Forest

June 17, 1928 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">- Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly over the Atlantic Ocean
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">August 2, 1923 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-- President Harding dies in office leaving Vice President Calvin Coolidge in charge, he opposed the league of nations but approved of the World Court.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">




 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Oct 1929 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">JC Penney opens in store


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">October 11, 1929 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Postwar prosperity ends in the 1929 Stock Market crash.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">March 4, 1933 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">inauguration of President D. Roosevelt in his speech he said that "We have nothing to fear, but fear itself"


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">March 31, 1933 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">CCC Civilian Conservation Corps authorized by the Federal Unemployment Relief Act provided work for two and a half million men


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">October 17, 1933 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Einstein arrives to the US as a fugitive from Nazi Germany


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">August 2, 1939 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">- Albert Einstein warns Franklin D. Roosevelt to an Atomic bomb opportunity, which led to the creation of the Manhattan Project.




 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">September 5, 1939 **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The U.S. declares its neutrality in the European war after Germany invades Poland which started the Second World War

**Part 4**

**<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">I) **** Politics ** <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) In 1940, Ortiz left office because of his bad health <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Succeeded by Ramon Castillo <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Cheated in election <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) The GOU (Grupo Obra de Unificacion) was a group of dissident officers that seized power in 1943 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Justified their takeover by saying that it is what the people wanted <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Got rid of Congress <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Outlawed political parties in 1944 in an attempt to rid Argentina of politics and all politicians <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) The most important “politicians” in this time were the military and the labor <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Juan Peron rises in authority in the military <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Admirer of Benito Mussolini <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Won support of industrial workers <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Became minister of war and vice president <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) Won presidency in 1946 with 54 % vote <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">5) His wife, Eva, was greatly involved in his political decisions <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Peron instituted a Five-Year Economic Plan <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) He also issued a new foreign trade institute (Instituto Argentino de Promocion del Intercambio, or IAPI) <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) GDP grew 8.6 % in 1946 and 12.6 % in 1947 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Argentina had thriving exports and a strong trade excess <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">D) In 1947, Peron paid off entire foreign debt and declared economic independence <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">E) Peron was able to eliminate foreign involvement in the economy <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) 1948: Nationalized the British-owned railroads <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Nationalized the U.S. owned phone company <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Nationalized French-owned docks <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">F) Foreign trade deficit in 1949 <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">G) Inflation jumped to 31 % <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">H) Drought hurt Argentina’s exports <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">I) In response to the economic slump in 1949, Peron assigned a new finance minister who launched an traditional stabilization plan <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Tight credit <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Low government spending <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Limits on wages and price increase <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Peron organized nation into functional groups <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Farmers <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Industrialists <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) Workers <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) During his presidency, Peron encouraged strikes that the government then settled in favor of the laborers <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) Peron heavily allied himself with the laborers <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">A) Wanted to preserve its neutrality <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Sold food to Britain <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Refused to join U.S. led military effort <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) The nation saw this as an easy way to obtain only the financial benefits <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">4) Investment poured into Argentina from Britain and the other Allies <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">B) Throughout the war, Argentina maintained “pro Axis” neutrality <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Economy rooted for Allies, Politics rooted for Axis (lead to a confusing time) <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">C) In March 1945, Argentina joined war on side of Allies and became member of the United Nations <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1) Mostly a formality <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2) Argentina never fought to aid the war effort <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">3) When Peron became president, people saw Argentina as an ally of the Axis because of Peron’s admiration for Benito Mussolini and fascists ideology
 * <span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">II) **** Economics **
 * <span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">III) **** Social **
 * <span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">IV) **** World War II **


 * Argentina Timeline**

1943- GOU officers (including Juan Perón) dissolved the Congress of Argentina and ousted Ramón Castillo 1944- GOU officers decree the end of political parties and exclude professional politicians from office 1944- Argentina breaks diplomatic relations with Japan and Germany 1945- Argentina declares war on Japan and Germany 1946- Juan Perón won the presidential election



mid 1940s- Perón had a policy of settling strikes in favor of the workers, raising the minimum wage July 1947- Argentina paid off Argentina's entire foreign debt, accomplished by a "Declaration of Economic Independence" 1948- Argentina nationalized the British-owned railways



1948- Eva Perón created her own foundation and became a prominent first woman- 1949- Economic crisis brought by the first foreign trade deficit since the war 1949- A new constitution is created strengthening the president and legislation is passed oppressing political opponents to the current government



**U.S. Timeline**

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">March 4 1933-- Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the 32nd president of the US. November 17, 1933-- the US recognizes the Soviet Union and they begin to trade March 24, 1934-- Tydings-McDuffe Act sets independence of the Philippines from the US from 1945 November3, 1936-- Roosevelt is re-elected as US president September 1, 1939-- Germany invades Poland November 4, 1939-- Roosevelt amends the 1937 Neutrality Act which allows “cash and carry” for France and Britain March 11, 1941-- LendLease Bill is signed allowing massive sales of aid to US allies December 7, 1941-- Japan attacks at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii December 8,1941-- US and Britain declare war on Japan January 1,1942-- 26 US states signed the Declaration of Independence…coalition against the Axis powers May 4, 1942-- Battle of the Coral Sea August 10,1944-- US forces liberate Guam November 3, 1944-- Roosevelt wins his fourth election August 6, 1945-- The U.S. drops an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. August 8, 1945-- The U.S. drops a second atomic bomb on Nagasaki. April 12, 1945 - President Roosevelt dies at the age of 63. He is succeeded by Vice President Harry S. Truman.



<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-font-kerning: 14.0pt;">

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